GUT - BESSER - BASICS! Verloren im Dickicht der Überinformation? Schluss mit dem Stress: Die BASICS-Reihe bringt den Überblick! GUT: umfassender Einblick - von den Grundlagen der Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie über häufige Krankheitsbilder bis zu deren Therapie BESSER: praxisorientiert mit klinischen Fallbeispielen BASICS: jedes Thema in kleinen Häppchen. Schön in Farbe, prima zu lesen, mit vielen Abbildungen aus der Praxis Das Beste: geschrieben von einem starken Team. So wird die Kinder- und Jugenpsychiatrie verständlich, ohne zu sehr ins Detail zu gehen. Ideal zum Einarbeiten ins Thema
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Twin studies described a strongly heritable component of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children and adolescents. However, findings varied considerably between studies. In addition, ADHD presents with a high rate of comorbid disorders and associated psychopathology. Therefore, this literature review reports findings from population-based twin studies regarding the influence of subtypes, assessment instruments, rater effects, sex differences, and comorbidity rates on ADHD heritability estimates. In addition, genetic effects on the persistence of ADHD are discussed. By reviewing relevant factors influencing heritability estimates more homogeneous subtypes relevant for molecular genetic studies can be elicited. A systematic search of population-based twin studies in ADHD was performed, using the databases PubMed and PsycInfo. Results of family studies were added in case insufficient or contradictory findings were obtained in twin studies. Heritability estimates were strongly influenced by rater effects and assessment instruments. Inattentive and hyperactive–impulsive symptoms were likely influenced by common as well as specific genetic risk factors. Besides persistent ADHD, ADHD accompanied by symptoms of conduct or antisocial personality disorder might be another strongly genetically determined subtype, however, family environmental risk factors have also been established for this pattern of comorbidity.
